Description
Fragment 176-191, also known as human growth hormone (176-191), is primarily utilized in research as a replacement therapy for individuals with growth hormone deficiencies. Naturally, this Peptide is produced by somatotropic cells in the anterior pituitary gland. In its synthetic form, researchers have discovered that Fragment 176-191 can assist with weight and fat control, as well as enhance bone strength and muscle recovery.
High-Quality HGH Fragment 176-191 for Sale Online
HGH Fragment 176-191 belongs to the Growth Hormone class of Peptides. When you buy Fragment 176-191 from Sarmsamerica, it comes in a 2 mg vial containing freeze-dried powder. This Peptide is mainly being researched for its potential in fat loss and dieting.
HGH Fragment 176-191: An Overview
This Peptide could theoretically target the beta-3 adrenergic receptors (ß3-AR), potentially promoting weight loss. Through these receptors, it may facilitate fat burning in adipose tissue and induce thermogenesis in skeletal muscle cells. In a study involving obese murine models treated with the Peptide for two weeks, there appeared to be a notable reduction in weight and excess fat. These effects are believed to be associated with increased activity of lipolytic beta-3 adrenergic receptors, suggesting a connection to the beta-adrenergic pathway.
Researchers noted that Fragment 176-191 might “increase the repressed levels of beta(3)-AR RNA in obese mice to levels similar to those in lean mice.” However, data may not be definitive, as research on murine models with disabled lipolytic receptors showed that the Peptide still resulted in apparent weight loss, indicating its effects might not solely depend on these receptors. Consequently, it was also proposed that the Peptide might aid fat burning through mechanisms like energy expenditure and fat oxidation, though this remains an area for further investigation.
The presence of tyrosine at the N-terminus of the fragment enhances the Peptide’s stability. Additionally, there is a naturally occurring disulfide bridge between the two cysteine amino acids in the molecules of hGH and hGH Fragment 176-191. This disulfide bridge further stabilizes the molecule, potentially increasing its resistance to degradation in various environments, including stomach acid.
Research and Clinical Studies
Fragment 176-191 and Fat Cells
Fragment 176-191 is believed to potentially increase fat burning through various mechanisms, including the upregulation of beta-3 adrenergic receptors. Specifically, the Peptide might elevate the expression levels of beta(3)-AR RNA in fat cells, suggesting it influences signaling pathways or transcription factors that enhance the production of beta-3 adrenergic receptor mRNA, leading to increased synthesis of the beta-3 adrenergic receptor protein.
With more beta-3 adrenergic receptors on the surface of adipocytes (fat cells), these cells may become more responsive to lipolytic signals. This implies that even though Fragment 176-191 may not directly activate beta-3 adrenergic receptors, the increased receptor number could amplify the natural lipolytic response to endogenous catecholamines (like adrenaline), which directly engage these receptors.
Fragment 176-191 might also activate other cellular signaling mechanisms that indirectly boost fat burning. For example, it may influence pathways that upregulate the expression of enzymes involved in lipolysis or enhance the cellular response to lipolytic signals by modulating the activity of secondary messengers within the cell.
This potential was explored through clinical trials, most notably METAOD005. This trial aimed to investigate the fat-burning effects of the Peptide, involving 300 test subjects over 12 weeks. The study included six groups: one control group and five Fragment 176-191 groups. It was suggested that one of the Fragment 176-191 groups experienced an apparent decrease in body weight, potentially by around 5.7 pounds. Additionally, it was posited that the Peptide may have contributed to improvements in cholesterol levels and glucose tolerance among these participants.
Fragment 176-191 and Cartilage Regeneration
Some researchers have suggested that the Fragment 176-191 Peptide may possess regenerative properties similar to HGH, in addition to its apparent fat-burning potential. To explore these effects, a study used a knee osteoarthritis model induced by collagenase. The experimental models were introduced to type II collagenase to induce damage to the knee cartilage. Over 4-7 weeks, the models were divided into four groups: saline (Group 1), hyaluronic acid (Group 2), Fragment 176-191 Peptide (Group 3), and a combination of Fragment 176-191 Peptide with hyaluronic acid (Group 4).
The severity of cartilage damage was evaluated through morphological and histopathological analysis, and the degree of lameness was observed eight weeks after the trial began. The researchers commented, “Mean gross morphological and histopathological scores were significantly higher in Group 1 than in Groups 2, 3, and 4, and the scores were significantly lower in Group 4 than in Groups 2 and 3. The lameness period in Group 4 was significantly shorter than those in Groups 1, 2, and 3.”
This suggested that both hyaluronic acid and Fragment 176-191 Peptide may be more effective than saline in stimulating cartilage regeneration, with the best outcomes achieved by combining Fragment 176-191 Peptide with hyaluronic acid.
Fragment 176-191 and Hyperglycemia
In one study, several synthetic hGH Peptides, including Fragment 176-191, were administered to normal-functioning murine models to determine their potential impact on glycogen metabolism. The results indicated that the Peptide appeared to induce a slight increase in blood glucose and lactate levels, along with a slight reduction in the ratio of glycogen synthase in muscle, adipose tissues, and the liver. It was suggested that this outcome was due to the Peptide’s apparent ability to convert the enzymes from their active state to an inactive state, as the total synthase levels remained constant.
Effects of HGH Fragment176-191
This Peptide has been under study since the 1970s, with its uses as a weight loss and fat control compound confirmed in the early 1980s. Frag176-191 impacts adipose tissue to enhance muscle growth and recovery, inhibit the formation of lipids and fatty acids, improve bone strength, and regulate sleep patterns.
Research has demonstrated that HGH Frag176-191 is highly effective in reducing fat and inhibiting the formation of lipids and fatty acids.
Fragment 176-191 Side Effects
There are few side effects associated with using Frag176-191. Some studies report redness or pain at the injection site, along with feelings of lethargy and sleepiness. This Peptide does not affect glucose levels and does not cause jittery feelings or hyperglycemia often associated with other compounds.
Chemical Strucutre
| Molecular Formula: |
C78H125N23O23S2 |
| Molecular Weight: |
1817.12 g/mol |
| Other Known Titles: |
hGH Fragment 176-191; Lipolytic fragment |
High-Quality Research Products
At Sarmsamerica, we are a premium supplier of high-quality research products, committed to helping our customers find exactly what they need. If you’re looking for Peptides, SARMs, or other research chemicals, contact us today to learn more about our extensive selection.
References:
- Cox HD, Smeal SJ, Hughes CM, Cox JE, Eichner D. Detection and in vitro metabolism of AOD9604. Drug Test Anal. 2015 Jan;7(1):31-8. doi: 10.1002/dta.1715. Epub 2014 Sep 10. PMID: 25208511.
- Heffernan, Mark, et al. “The Effects of Human GH and Its Lipolytic Fragment (AOD9604) on Lipid Metabolism Following Chronic Treatment in Obese Mice andβ 3-AR Knock-Out Mice.” Endocrinology 142.12 (2001): 5182-5189.
- Heffernan M, Summers RJ, Thorburn A, Ogru E, Gianello R, Jiang WJ, Ng FM. The effects of human GH and its lipolytic fragment (AOD9604) on lipid metabolism following chronic treatment in obese mice and beta(3)-AR knock-out mice. Endocrinology. 2001 Dec;142(12):5182-9. doi: 10.1210/endo.142.12.8522. PMID: 11713213.
- Stier, Heike, Evert Vos, and David Kenley. “Safety and Tolerability of the Hexadecapeptide AOD9604 in Humans.” Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 3.1-2 (2013): 7-15.
- Moré, Margret I., and David Kenley. “Safety and metabolism of AOD9604, a novel nutraceutical ingredient for improved metabolic health.” Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 4.3 (2014): 64-77.
- Valentino, M A et al. “Central and peripheral molecular targets for antiobesity pharmacotherapy.” Clinical pharmacology and therapeuticsvol. 87,6 (2010): 652-62. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2010.57
- Kwon, Dong Rak, and Gi Young Park. “Effect of Intra-articular Injection of AOD9604 with or without Hyaluronic Acid in Rabbit Osteoarthritis Model.” Annals of clinical and laboratory science vol. 45,4 (2015): 426-32.
- Ma GY, Macaulay SL, Maggs JA, Armstrong JM, Bornstein J. The mechanism of the hyperglycaemic action of synthetic peptides related to the C-terminal sequence of human growth hormone. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1982 Jun 16;716(3):400-9. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(82)90033-2. PMID: 6810951.
Disclaimer: The Fragment 176-191 listed on this site is for research use only and not for human consumption. This product is not a compound, supplement, food, or cosmetic and must not be misused, sold, labeled, or branded as such. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, or cure any condition or disease. They are strictly for research purposes and are not intended for human use.
